Tax planning for S-corporation owners

A guide for CPA and EA firms: what a tax plan is, how to scope and price the engagement, what the deliverable holds, and how the handoff with a financial advisor works.

A tax plan is a written recommendation for what a client should do before the year closes and before the next one starts. For an S-corporation owner it usually covers salary, distributions, retirement contributions, reimbursements, estimated payments and state tax.

A return looks back at a year that is over. A plan looks forward, so each recommendation should show the figure it rests on, where that figure came from and the assumptions behind it.

How firms scope and price it

Planning is its own engagement, separate from the return. The engagement letter names the deliverable, the client duties, what is out of scope and who signs off. A questionnaire collects the facts before anyone writes a recommendation.

Fees hold up best when they start from the deliverable and the review time behind it rather than from hours alone. Fixed, tiered and value-based models all show up in practice.

What the deliverable holds

The usual deliverable is a memo or report the owner can read in one sitting: the baseline, the scenarios the firm considered, the recommendation, the assumptions behind it and the source for each figure.

For an S-corporation owner the salary line comes first, because the retirement ceiling, the payroll cost and the split between salary and distributions all depend on it.

The strategies a plan weighs

Most S-corporation plans come back to the same few decisions: whether the entity should elect S status at all, how much retirement contribution the salary supports, and how the owner gets reimbursed for business costs paid personally.

The advisor handoff

Many owners also work with a financial advisor. The advisor often spots the planning question first, and the firm signs the tax conclusion. A clean handoff says who sends what, by when, and who signs.

Choosing planning software

Planning tools differ in how they take in a return, what they produce and how they charge. Weigh them against the deliverable the firm already writes and the systems it already runs.

General information for tax professionals. Not tax advice.

Most S-corp plans start with the salary number

Get started with a Reasonable Compensation Study for the owner's salary.